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CHAPTERXIIICHOICEOFWORDS
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SmallWords—TheirImportaheAnglo-Saxo
Inanotherplathisbookadvicehasbeeoneverusealongwordwhenashortohesamepurpose.Thisadviphasized.Wordsof&quthandthunderingsound"shouldbeavoidedonallpossibleos.Theyproclaimshallowelleityofmipurists，themastersofdi，theexemplarsofstyle，usedshort，simplewordsthatallderstand?wordsaboutwhichthereoambiguityastomeaning.Itmustberememberedthatbyourwordsweteachothers?therefreatresponsibilityrestsupardtotheuseuage.Wemusttakecarethateakinawaysoclearthattheremaybenomisapprehensierofgwrongimpressionsbyvagueandmistyideaseermswhichareliabletobemisuoodbythosewhomweaddress.Wiveabodyorformtoourideas，withoutwhichtheyareabletobesofoggythatwedoheyare>
&maketheeoemploysuchuttheideawehaveinourownmindintothemindofahisisthegreatestartioclotheourideasinwordsdpreheheihers.Itistheartwhichtheteacher，themihelawyer，theorator，thebusinessman，mustmasteriftheywouldaheirvariousfieldsofeisveryhardtoideato，aon，anotherwheafaiionofthelanguageinwhichtheideaisexpressed?butitisimpossibletoveyitatallhichitisclothedareunintelligibletothelistener.
IfweaddressanaudieneheEnglishlausesuchwordsastheypreheaswellspeaktotheminCoptiese，fortheywillderivefromouraddress，inasmuchastheideaswewishtoveyareexpressedinwordswhiuelligeotheirminds.
Longwords，learnedwords，wordsdirectlyderivedfresareooodbythosewhohavehadtheadvantagesofaion.Allhavenothadsutages.Thegreatmajorityinthisgrandandglorioustryofourshavetohustleffre.Thougheduisfree，andpulsoryalso，verymafurtherthahreeR's."Thesearethemenehavetodealmostinthearehemenwiththehornypalmsandtheirohemenwhobuildourhouses，structourrailroads，driveourstreetdtrains，tillourfields，harvestouraword，themenwhoformthefoundationofallsociety，themenonwhomtheworlddependstomakeitswheelsgoround.Thelahecollegesaiesisnotforthemaalohoutit?theyhaveatalliivegs.Theplain，simplewordsofeverydaylife，towhionpeoplehavebeenusedaroundtheirownfiresidesfromchildhood，arethewordswemustuseinswiththe
Suchwordsareuoodbythemaoodbythelearhehemuniversallyaime?Whymakeaone-sidedaffairoflanguagebyusingwordswhieclassofthepeople，theso-calledlearneduand?Woulditouse，onallos，lahebothclassesderstahetroubletoieweshallfindthatthemehegreatestswayoverthemassesaudeasorators，lawyers，preadinotherpubliccapacities，weremenwhousedverysimplelanguage.Daerwasamooratorsthistryhasproduced.Hetouchedtheheartsofsenatesandassemblages，ofmeheburningeloquenceofhiswords.Heneverusedalongwordwhenheveythesame，orhesame，meaningwithashortone.eechhealwaystoldthosewhoputitinformforthepresstostrikeword.Studyhisspeeches，gooverallheeversaidorwrote，andyouwillfindthathislanguagewasalofshterms，althoughattimes，forthesakeofsoundandoratoricaleffect，heelledtousearatherlongword，butitwasalwaysagainsthisintodoso，ahemanwhot，withwords，asWebsterpainted!Hecouldpigsinawaysoclearthatthosewhoheardhimfeltthattheyhadseenthatofwhichhespoke.
AbrahamLinwasairredthesoulsofmeanorator，notascholar?hedidnoth.D.afterhisname，oranyedegree，forhehadedfromtheUyofHardKnodhethissevereAlmaMaterwhenhebecamePresideedStates.Helain，Ijustashumble，asinthedayswherailsorpliedaboatontheSausebigwords，butheusedthewordsofthepeople，andinsuchawayastomakethembeautiful.HisGettysburgaddressisanEnglishclassieofthegreatmasterpiecesofthelanguage.
Fromthemerefactthatawordisshortitdoesnotfollowthatitisalwaysclear，butitistruethatnearlyallclearwordsareshort，andthatmostofthelongwords，especiallythosewhichwegetfres，aremisuoagreatextentbytheordinaryrankahepeople.Iistobedoubtedifsomeofthe"scholars"usingthem，fullyuheirimportonos.Agreatmanysuitofseveraliions.Awordhastobeidealbeforepeoplegetthhlyfamiliarwithitsmeaning.Longwords，notalhtaheideashazy，butattimestheytendtomixupthingsinsuchaositivelyharmfulresultsfollowfromtheiruse.
Forinstance，besocoveredwiththefoldsoflongwordsastogiveitadifferentappearahehideousnessofsinbecloakedwithsuchwordsuntilitsoutlineslooklikeathiy.Whenabankcashiermakesoffwithahuhousanddollarswepolitelytermhiscrimedefalsteadofplai，andinsteadofghimselfathiefwegrandioselyalludetohimasadefaulter.ealthymanstaggeringalongafashiohhfareuheinfluenceofalcohol，wavinghisarmsintheairandshoutingboisterously，entleman，heissomewhatexhilarated?oratworstwesay，heisslightlyiwhenoormanwhohasfallenfromgracebyputtingaohismouthtostealawayhisbrain"weexpressnationinthesimplelahewords:"Lookatthewretch?heisdeaddrunk."
Whenersonindhtlyihefalsehoodwiththefinely-spuncloakofthewordprevari.Shakespearesays，"arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet，"andbyasimilarsequeerbywhatnameyoumaycallit，isalwaysalieandshouldbesimplycallitalie?Meanwhatyousayandsaywhatyoumean?callaspadeaspade，itisthebesttermyouapplytotheimplement.
&rytouseshortwordsandshunlongonesinalittlewhileyouwillfindthatyoudosowithease.Afarmerwasshowiybredgeheanimalwasledintoapaddowhioldsow-pigwasrooting."Whatafinequadruped!"exclaimedthe.
"Whichofthetwodoyoumeahehorse?"queriedthefarmer，"for，inmyopinion，bothofthemarefinequadrupeds."
Ofcoursethevisitormeantthehorse，soitwouldhavebeeerhadhecalledtheanimalbyitssimple?ordiherewouldhavebeennuityinhisremark.Heprofited，however，bythei，andnevercalledahorseaquadrupedagain.
Mostofthesmallwords，thesimplewords，thebeautifulwordswhichexpresssomusmallbouhepureAnglo-Saxoe.Thiselementhasgiveheheavehesun，moonandstars?tothreeoutofthefourelemeh，fireahreeoutofthefourseas，summerassimpleliedtoallthenaturaldivisioone，asday，night，m，evening，twilight，noon，mid-day，midnight，sunriseahenamesoflight，heat，cold，frost，rain，snow，hail，sleet，thuning，aswellasalmostallthoseobjectswhitheposofthebeautiful，asexpressediernalsery，suchasseaandland，hillanddale，woodaglo-Saxon.Tothissamelanguageweareihosewordswhichexpresstheearliestas，aroandmostpowerfulfeelingsofNature，andwhich，asaterwoveandmosthallowedassos.Ofsuchwordsarefather，mother，husbaher，sister，son，daughter，e，kindred，frieh，roofandfireside.
Thechiefemotionsoftibleareexpressedinthesamelanguage—love，hope，fear，sorrow，shame，andalsothensbywhichtheseemotioed，astear，smile，laugh，blush，weep，sigh，groan.Nearlyallournationalprlo-Saxon.Almostallthetermsandphrasesbywhichwemeticallyexpressaemptandindighesamein.
WhatareknowSetandso-calledpolitesatimanylo-Saxonwordsintotheshade，faithfulfrieheiraorswell.Theseself-appoiersofdiregardsomeoftheAnglo-Saxonwordsastoocoarse，tooplebeiahetictastesandrefiheyareelimiheirvocabularyahemwithmongrelsnbirthandhybridsofunknin.Fortheordinarypeople，however，themaorihewomathefactory，theyarestilltriedandtrueand，likeoldfriends，shouldbecherishedaers，nomatterfromwhatsourcethelattermayspring.
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