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TextALifeinUtopia
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—fromUtopia（BookII）
ThomasMore
[1]AlltheUtopians，menandwomeagriculture，andnooneisinexperieheyaretraifromtheirchildhood，partlybysstrudpartlybypractice.Schoolareoftehehoughforplay，wheretheynotonlyseemenandw，butgetexercisebywthemselves.
[2]Besidesagriculture，whiontothemall，everymanhassomepeculiartradeofhisown，suchasthemanufactureofwool，orlinen，masonry，smith’swork，ortry.ThereiswhichispractiysiderablehePeoplewearthesamesortofclhouttheislahedistinswhichmarkthedifferehemarriedanduhefashionofeverges.Theirglookswell，doesheirmovements，andissuitablebothforsummerandwinter.Everyhouseholdmakesitsoweadwomanalsolearheothertradesformerlymentiohemostpart，dealinwoolandlinen，whichsuitbestwiththeirweakherudertradestothemeradegenerallypassesdownfromfathertosouralin.Butifanyman’sgeniuslieselsewhere，heisadoptedintoafamilythatdealsiradeheprefers.Whenanyonemakessuge，bothhisfatherarateseetoitthatheistraoaresponsibleanduprighthouseholder.Afteramanhaslearrade，ifhedesirestoaother，itismahesamemanner.Whenhehaslearh，hefollowswhicheverhelikesbetter，uhepublichasspeeedfortheother.
[3]Thedalmosttheohesyphogrants，istotakecarethatnomansitsaroundinidleness，andeveryonefollently.Butowearhimselfoutwithperpetualtoil，frtonight，asifhewereabeastofburden.Suchalife，thoughitistheonlifeofworkmeniries，ishaopians，dividingthedayandnightiy-fourhours，appointsixoftheseforwork;threeofwhicharebeforedihreeafter.Theythensup，ao’clotingfromobedahours.
[4]TherestoftheirtimebesidesthattakenupiingandsleepioeverymaheuandingthattheyshallhemidlyandwaheirtimebusilyonanypursuitthatpleasestheMaheseihreading.Itisordinarytohavepubliclectureseverymbeforedaybreak;atwhieareobligedtoappearbutthosewhoaremarkedoutforthepursuit;yetagreatmany，bothmenandwomenotohearlecturesofooranother，agtotheirins.Butifanyonewhosemidelightiualpursuitspreferstoemployhimselfatthattimeinhistrade，asmanydo，thisisnotforbidden，butendedasbeotheoersupper，theyspendanhourinsomediversion，iheirgardens，andihehallswheretheyeat;wheretheyeher，eitherwithmusicordiscourse.Theyknownothingaboutgamblingwithdiceorothersuchfoolishandmises.Theyplaytwamesnotunlikeoureisabattleofnumbers，inwhiber，asitwere，esaherresemblesabattlebetweeuesandtheviwhichthevicesbattleagaiues.Inthisgamethecooperationofthevistthevirtuesandtheiroppositioherisshownupverycleverly，asecialoppositioicularvirtuesahemethodsbywhichthevilyassaultorsedermiues，auesbreakthestrengthofthevidbywhatmeansfinallyoheotherwiory.
[5]Touheirwayoflifefullywemustlookatomorecarefully.Theyallotonlysixhourstolabour，andyoumightthinkthatascarcityofessentialgoodswouldresult.Butitisstrue，thatthistimeisnotsuffitforsupplyihplentyofallthihernecessaryort，thatitisrathertoomudthisyourehend，ifyousiderhoartofallothernationsisquiteidle.
[6]First，womengenerallydolittle，whoarethehalfofmankind;andifsomefewwent，theirhusbahehemultitudeofidlepriests，andofthosethatarecalledreligiousmen.Addtotheseallri，chieflythosethathaveestatesinland，whoareelemeheirfamilies，madeupofidlepersons，thatarekeptmoreforshowthanuse.Rewiththesestrongandlustybeggars，whogoaboutfeigningsomediseasetoexcusetheirlaziness.Youwillfindthatthehosebywhoselaborsmankindissuppliedismuchlessthanyihensiderhowfewofthosethatloyedinlaborsthatareofrealservice;forwe，whomeasureallthingsbymoomaarebothvainandsuperfluous，aosupportluxuryandwahosewhoworkprodulywhatmenneedfoodliving，therewouldbesudapriceswouldgodownandtradesmenaiheirgains.Youeasilyimagiletimewouldbeenoughtoproduan’sneedsandd（aooifitweretrueandnaturalpleasure），ifonlytheworkersiradeswereplaworthwhileosandalltheidlerswholanguishinslothbuteattwiceasmuchaslabourerswereputtoworkoasks.
AfterYouRead
KnowledgeFocus
1.Pairwork:Discussthefollowiionswithyourpartner.
1）Whyishermenorwomen，ignriUtopia?
2）leinUtopiadobesidesagriculture?
3）Whoseclothesarediffereher?
4）Whatshouldbedoneifaman’sgeniusisnotihhisfather’strade?
5）Whatisthechiefbusinessof“syphogrants”
?
6）WhatistheroutiheUtopianslike?
7）Arepeoplepelledtoatteheirleisuretime?
8）WhatarethetularamongUtopians?
9）Whyissix-htimesuffittoproducealltheiesandcesoflife?
10）Whoaretheidlepeoplesatirizedbytheauthor?
2.Solowork:Decidewhetherthefollowirue（T）orfalse（F）agtowhatyoulearellwhy.
____1）inUtopiaarerestrictedtotheirschool.
____2）WomendothesameworkasmeninUtopia.
____3）Pehouttheislahesamesortofclotheswhichissuitedtoallclimates.
____4）Noteverypersonhashisowopia.
____5）EveryUtopianfamilymakestheirownclothes.
____6）It’saablishedthatthesonshouldtakeoverthefather’strade.
____7）EveryUtopianhastoworklikeabeastofburden.
____8）Theotherhoursoftheday，thosethatarenotusedforwork，sleep，andmeals，arelefttotheirindividualchoigastheydoimeidly.
____9）Mostoftheridthereligiousmenareidlerswhodonotwork.
____10）Beggarsusuallysufferfromsomediseasewhichkeepsthemfr.
LanguageFocus
1.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingwordsyouhavelearhetext.
apprehend adopt
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